摘要：Land use is an embodiment of human socio-economic activities and represents a bridge between these activities and natural systems. Rural residential land represents a space for rural residents to reside in and exhibits spatial characteristics that evolve over time, which is proof of rural socio-economic development. As one of the most developed regions in China, cities along the Beijing–Hangzhou Canal experienced significant changes in rural residential land use from 1990 to 2020. This paper analyses the spatial differentiation of rural residential land in 21 cities on the Grand Canal. Then, it explores the driving factors of this land using spatial grid analysis and the geographic detector model. According to the spatial differentiation characteristics and the driving factors of rural residential land, the study proposed an improved potential model for rural residential land improvement. Lastly, it proposes three different forms of rural residential land based on the results. The study found that (1) the change in rural residential land in the northern part of the Grand Canal was more volatile than that in the southern part. The change in rural residential land from 1990 to 2020 conformed to the pattern of cultivated land–rural residential land–urban construction land. (2) Based on the driving factors of rural residential land, the land is divided into one-dimensional cities, two-dimensional cities, and three-dimensional cities. Circular, linear, and scattered cities of different sizes were affected by socio-economic factors, transportation accessibility, and the natural environment, respectively. (3) Based on the potential scale of rural residential land consolidation, different types of development strategies were proposed through research, including constructing large-scale villages, relocating and reconstructing new villages, and constructing high-quality villages, respectively. Enhancing the scientific planning of rural residential land and its efficiency and tapping into the potential of land consolidation can offer the protection of agricultural land and the integration of urban and rural areas in the new era.

摘要中译：土地利用是人类社会经济活动的体现，是链接人类社会与自然系统之间的桥梁。农村居住用地代表了农村居民居住的空间，并呈现出随时间演变的空间特征，是农村社会经济发展的佐证。作为中国最发达的地区之一，从1990年到2020年，京杭运河沿线城市的农村住宅用地发生了重大变化。本文分析了大运河沿线21个城市农村居住用地的空间差异。然后，利用空间网格分析和地理探测器模型探讨了农村居民点用地变化的驱动因素。根据农村居住用地的空间分化特征和驱动因素，提出了一种改进的农村居住用土地整治潜力测算模型。最后，根据研究结果提出了三种不同的农村居住用地整治模式。研究发现：（1）大运河北部城市农村居民点用地的变化比南部城市更具波动性。从1990年到2020年，农村居民点用地的变化符合耕地-农村居民点用地-城市建设用地的演变格局。（2）基于农村居住用地的驱动因素类型，将土地分为一维驱动城市、二维驱动城市和三维驱动城市。环型、线型和分散型城市受到社会经济区位、交通区位和自然环境区位的驱动影响差异明显。（3） 基于农村居住用地整治潜力规模，研究提出了不同类型的发展策略，包括建设规模化村庄、搬迁改造新村和建设优质村庄。加强农村居住用地的科学规划及其效率，挖掘土地整治潜力，为新时期农业用地保护和城乡融合发展提供保障。

作者：李进涛、褚雷

文章来源：Land 2024, 13(5), 578